dijous, 30 d’abril del 2009

social exclusion - def

Social exclusion is a major contributing factor to poverty. Women, men and children experience social exclusion when they are discriminated against based on their gender, ethnicity, race, caste, religion, language, sexual orientation, age, disability, HIV status, migrant status, or combinations of these. This discrimination also exists within public institutions, legal systems and public services and keeps people in poverty and excluded from decision-making processes that affects their lives.
The most socially excluded and marginalised groups across the world need to engage with and transform the institutions and processes that discriminate against them. This involves enabling and supporting excluded and marginalised groups to participate effectively in formal and informal governance and justice systems and helping establish an understanding of citizenship. People from the most excluded groups will then be able to hold their governments to account, to ensure their needs and interests are addressed and their human rights respected.

How do we promote social inclusion? Whose responsibility is it to do it? How do we tackle discrimination on different grounds?
How can we ensure that people are included in the decision-making processes that directly affect their lives? How can institutions be transformed to include those that have been traditionally marginalised?

ICT4D - some figures

Experience in developing countries has shown that better access to Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) such as mobile phones and computers has improved health and livelihood opportunities for poor and marginalised people.

In the last five years, the number of fixed phone lines has increased by 18% in comparison with a 275% increase in the number of mobile subscriptions. Can more be made of this technology to improve development?
Fishermen in southern India, for example, can call several ports and dealers while still at sea and find the best prices before deciding on a market.
And in Kenya, the mobile provider Safaricom has developed an innovative system that allows customers to transfer money using a mobile phone as an answer to the country's poor banking infrastructure.

http://www.guardian.co.uk/journalismcompetition

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